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Documentation: Core Variables - ver 1.6

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Core Variables v1.6
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Table of Content (hide)

  1. 1. Script variables
  2. 2. AVP variables
  3. 3. Pseudo Variables
    1. 3.1 URI in SIP Request's P-Asserted-Identity header
    2. 3.2 Authentication Digest URI
    3. 3.3 Authentication realm
    4. 3.4 Auth username user
    5. 3.5 Auth username domain
    6. 3.6 Auth nonce
    7. 3.7 Auth response
    8. 3.8 Auth whole username
    9. 3.9 Acc username
    10. 3.10 Branch flags
    11. 3.11 Branch flags- hexa
    12. 3.12 Branch
    13. 3.13 Branch fields
    14. 3.14 Call-Id
    15. 3.15 Content-Length
    16. 3.16 CSeq number
    17. 3.17 Contact instance
    18. 3.18 Fields of a contact instance
    19. 3.19 Content-Type
    20. 3.20 Domain of destination URI
    21. 3.21 Diversion header URI
    22. 3.22 Diversion "privacy" parameter
    23. 3.23 Diversion "reason" parameter
    24. 3.24 Port of destination URI
    25. 3.25 Transport protocol of destination URI
    26. 3.26 Destination set
    27. 3.27 Destination URI
    28. 3.28 Error class
    29. 3.29 Error level
    30. 3.30 Error info
    31. 3.31 Error reply code
    32. 3.32 Error reply reason
    33. 3.33 From URI domain
    34. 3.34 From display name
    35. 3.35 Forced socket
    36. 3.36 From tag
    37. 3.37 From URI
    38. 3.38 From URI username
    39. 3.39 SIP message buffer
    40. 3.40 Message Flags
    41. 3.41 Message Flags in hexadecimal
    42. 3.42 SIP message ID
    43. 3.43 SIP message length
    44. 3.44 Domain in SIP Request's original URI
    45. 3.45 Port of SIP request's original URI
    46. 3.46 Transport protocol of SIP request original URI
    47. 3.47 SIP Request's original URI
    48. 3.48 Username in SIP Request's original URI
    49. 3.49 Domain in SIP Request's P-Preferred-Identity header URI
    50. 3.50 Path string
    51. 3.51 Display Name in SIP Request's P-Preferred-Identity header
    52. 3.52 Process id
    53. 3.53 Protocol of received message
    54. 3.54 User in SIP Request's P-Preferred-Identity header URI
    55. 3.55 URI in SIP Request's P-Preferred-Identity header
    56. 3.56 Domain in SIP Request's URI
    57. 3.57 Body of request/reply
    58. 3.58 Returned code
    59. 3.59 Remote-Party-ID header URI
    60. 3.60 SIP request's method
    61. 3.61 SIP request's port
    62. 3.62 Transport protocol of SIP request URI
    63. 3.63 SIP reply's reason
    64. 3.64 SIP reply's status
    65. 3.65 Refer-to URI
    66. 3.66 SIP Request's URI
    67. 3.67 Username in SIP Request's URI
    68. 3.68 Received IP address
    69. 3.69 Received port
    70. 3.70 Script flags
    71. 3.71 Script flags
    72. 3.72 IP source address
    73. 3.73 Source port
    74. 3.74 To URI Domain
    75. 3.75 To display name
    76. 3.76 To tag
    77. 3.77 To URI
    78. 3.78 To URI Username
    79. 3.79 Formatted date and time
    80. 3.80 Branch index
    81. 3.81 String formatted time
    82. 3.82 Dynamic formatted time string
    83. 3.83 Current unix time stamp in seconds
    84. 3.84 Current microseconds of the current second
    85. 3.85 Startup unix time stamp
    86. 3.86 User agent header
    87. 3.87 SIP Headers
  4. 4. Escape Sequences
    1. 4.1 Foreground and background colors
    2. 4.2 Examples

OpenSIPS provides multiple type of variables to be used in the routing script. The difference between the types of variables comes from (1) the visibility of the variable (when it is visible), (2) what the variable is attached to (where the variable resides), (3) read-write status of the variable (some types of the variables are read-only and (4) how multiple values (for the same variable are handled).

The OpenSIPS variables can be easily identified in the script as all their names (or notations) starts with the $ sign.

Syntax:
The complete syntax for a pseudo variable is:

$(<context>name(subname)[index]{transformation})

The fields written in green are optional. The fields meaning is:

Usage examples:

Types of variables:

1. Script variables

Naming: **$var(name)**

Hints:

  1. if you want to start using a script variable in a route, better initialize it with same value (or reset it), otherwise you may inherit a value from a previous route that was executed by the same process.
  2. script variables are faster the AVPs, being referenced directly to memory location.
  3. the value of script variables persists over a OpenSIPS process.
  4. a script value can have only one value.

Example of usage:

$var(a) = 2;  # sets the value of variable 'a' to integer '2'
$var(a) = "2";  # sets the value of variable 'a' to string '2'
$var(a) = 3 + (7&(~2)); # arithmetic and bitwise operation
$var(a) = "sip:" + $au + "@" + $fd; # compose a value from authentication username and From URI domain

# using a script variable for tests
if( [ $var(a) & 4 ] ) {
  xlog("var a has third bit set\n");
}

Setting a variable to NULL is actually initializing the value to integer '0'. Script variables don't have NULL value.

2. AVP variables

Naming: **$avp(id)** or **$(avp(id)[N])**

The 'id' can be:

When using the index "N" you can force the AVP to return a certain value (the N-th value). If no index is given, the first value will be returned.

Hints:

  1. to enable AVPs in onreply_route, use "modparam("tm", "onreply_avp_mode", 1)"
  2. if multiple values are used for a single AVP, the values are index in revert order than added
  3. AVPs are part of the transaction context, so they will be visible everywhere where the transaction is present.
  4. AVPs with integer IDs are much much faster than the AVPs with string IDs
  5. AVP aliases are resolved at startup time so they have no impact at runtime
  6. an AVP can be deleted

Example of usage:

  1. Transaction persistence example
# enable avps in onreply route
modparam("tm", "onreply_avp_mode", 1)
# define "tmp" as alias for "i:17"
avp_aliases="tmp=i:17"
...
route{
...
$avp(tmp) = $Ts ; # store the current time (at request processing)
...
t_onreply("1");
t_relay();
...
}

onreply_route[1] {
	if (t_check_status("200")) {
		# calculate the setup time
		$var(setup_time) = $Ts - $avp(tmp);
	}
}
  1. Multilple values example
$avp(i:17) = "one";
# we have a sigle value
$avp(i:17) = "two";
# we have two values ("two","one")
$avp(i:17) = "three";
# we have three values ("three","two","one")

xlog("accessing values with no index: $avp(i:17)\n");
# this will print the first value, which is the last added value -> "three"

xlog("accessing values with no index: $(avp(i:17)[2])\n");
# this will print the index 2 value (third one), -> "one"

# remove the last value of the avp; if there is only one value, the AVP itself will be destroyed
$avp(i:17) = NULL;

# delete all values and destroy the AVP
avp_delete("$avp(i:17)/g");

# delete the value located at a certain index 
$(avp(i:17)[1]) = NULL;

#overwrite the value at a certain index
$(avp(i:17)[0]) = "zero";

The AVPOPS module provides a lot of useful functions to operate AVPs (like checking values, pushing values into different other locations, deleting AVPs, etc).

3. Pseudo Variables

Naming: $name

Hints:

  1. the PV tokens can be given as parameters to different script functions and they will be replaced with a value before the execution of the function.
  2. most of PVs are made available by OpenSIPS core, but there are also module exporting PV (to make available info specific to that module) - check the modules documentation.

Predefined (provided by core) PVs are listed in alphabetical order.

3.1 URI in SIP Request's P-Asserted-Identity header

$ai - reference to URI in request's P-Asserted-Identity header (see RFC 3325)

3.2 Authentication Digest URI

$adu - URI from Authorization or Proxy-Authorization header. This URI is used when calculating the HTTP Digest Response.

3.3 Authentication realm

$ar - realm from Authorization or Proxy-Authorization header

3.4 Auth username user

$au - user part of username from Authorization or Proxy-Authorization header

3.5 Auth username domain

$ad - domain part of username from Authorization or Proxy-Authorization header

3.6 Auth nonce

$an - the nonce from Authorization or Proxy-Authorization header

3.7 Auth response

$auth.resp - the authentication response from Authorization or Proxy-Authorization header

3.8 Auth whole username

$aU - whole username from Authorization or Proxy-Authorization header

3.9 Acc username

$Au - username for accounting purposes. It's a selective pseudo variable (inherited from acc module). It returns $au if exits or From username otherwise.

3.10 Branch flags

IMPORTANT - this variable is available only starting with 1.6.3 !!

$bf - return as decimal number (integer and string format) the entire set of branch flags for the current RURI.

This is a read-write variable!

3.11 Branch flags- hexa

IMPORTANT - this variable is available only starting with 1.6.3 !!

$bF - return as hexa number (string format) the entire set of branch flags for the current RURI.

3.12 Branch

$branch - this variable is used for creating new branches by writing into it the value of a SIP URI. Examples:

   # creates a new branch
   $branch = "sip:new@doamin.org";
   # print its URI
   xlog("last added branch has URI $(branch(uri)[-1]) \n");

3.13 Branch fields

$branch() - this variable provides read/write access to all fields/attributes of an already existing branch (priorly created with append_branch() ). The fields of the branch are:

The variable accepts also index $(branch(uri)[1]) for accessing a specific branch (multiple branches can be defined at a moment). The index starts from 0 (first branch). If the index is negative, it is considered the n-th branch from the end ( index -1 means the last branch).
To get all branches, use the * index - $(branch(uri)[*]).
Examples:

   # creates the first branch
   append_branch();
   # creates the second branch
   force_send_socket(udp:192.168.1.10:5060);
   $du = "sip:192.168.2.10";
   append_branch("sip:foo@bar.com","0.5");

   # display branches
   xlog("----- branch 0: $(branch(uri)[0]) , $(branch(q)[0]), $(branch(duri)[0]), $(branch(path)[0]), $(branch(flags)[0]), $(branch(socket)[0]) \n");
   xlog("----- branch 1: $(branch(uri)[1]) , $(branch(q)[1]), $(branch(duri)[1]), $(branch(path)[1]), $(branch(flags)[1]), $(branch(socket)[1]) \n");

   # do some changes over the branches
   $branch(uri) = "sip:user@domain.ro";   # set URI for the first branch
   $(branch(q)[0]) = 1000;  # set to 1.00 for the first branch
   $(branch(socket)[1]) = NULL;  # reset the socket of the second branch
   $branch(duri) = NULL;  # reset the destination URI or the first branch

It is R/W variable (you can assign values to it from routing logic)

3.14 Call-Id

$ci - reference to body of call-id header

3.15 Content-Length

$cl - reference to body of content-length header

3.16 CSeq number

$cs - reference to cseq number in cseq header

3.17 Contact instance

$ct - reference to contact instance/body from the contact header. A contact instance is display_name + URI + contact_params. As a Contact header may contain multiple Contact instances and a message may contain multiple Contact headers, an index was added to the $ct variable:

3.18 Fields of a contact instance

$ct,fields() - reference to the fields of a contact instance/body (see above). Supported fields are:

Examples:

3.19 Content-Type

$cT - reference to body of content-type header

3.20 Domain of destination URI

$dd - reference to domain of destination uri

3.21 Diversion header URI

$di - reference to Diversion header URI

3.22 Diversion "privacy" parameter

$dip - reference to Diversion header "privacy" parameter value

3.23 Diversion "reason" parameter

$dir - reference to Diversion header "reason" parameter value

3.24 Port of destination URI

$dp - reference to port of destination uri

3.25 Transport protocol of destination URI

$dP - reference to transport protocol of destination uri

3.26 Destination set

$ds - reference to destination set

3.27 Destination URI

$du - reference to destination uri (outbound proxy to be used for sending the request) If loose_route() returns TRUE a destination uri is set according to the first Route header.

It is R/W variable (you can assign values to it from routing logic)

3.28 Error class

$err.class - the class of error (now is '1' for parsing errors)

3.29 Error level

$err.level - severity level for the error

3.30 Error info

$err.info - text describing the error

3.31 Error reply code

$err.rcode - recommended reply code

3.32 Error reply reason

$err.rreason - recommended reply reason phrase

3.33 From URI domain

$fd - reference to domain in URI of 'From' header

3.34 From display name

$fn - reference to display name of 'From' header

3.35 Forced socket

$fs - reference to the forced socket for message sending (if any) in the form proto:ip:port

It is R/W variable (you can assign values to it routing script)

3.36 From tag

$ft - reference to tag parameter of 'From' header

3.37 From URI

$fu - reference to URI of 'From' header

3.38 From URI username

$fU - reference to username in URI of 'From' header

3.39 SIP message buffer

$mb - reference to SIP message buffer

3.40 Message Flags

$mf - reference to message/transaction flags set for current SIP request

It is R/W variable (you can assign values to it from routing logic)

3.41 Message Flags in hexadecimal

$mF -reference to message/transaction flags set for current SIP request in hexa

It is R/W variable (you can assign values to it from routing logic)

3.42 SIP message ID

$mi - reference to SIP message id

3.43 SIP message length

$ml - reference to SIP message length

3.44 Domain in SIP Request's original URI

$od - reference to domain in request's original R-URI

3.45 Port of SIP request's original URI

$op - reference to port of original R-URI

3.46 Transport protocol of SIP request original URI

$oP - reference to transport protocol of original R-URI

3.47 SIP Request's original URI

$ou - reference to request's original URI

3.48 Username in SIP Request's original URI

$oU - reference to username in request's original URI

3.49 Domain in SIP Request's P-Preferred-Identity header URI

$pd - reference to domain in request's P-Preferred-Identity header URI (see RFC 3325)

3.50 Path string

IMPORTANT - available only starting with 1.6.3

$path - returns the internal PATH string attached to current RURI - it does NOT read the PATH header, but the path string internally added by USRLOC/REGISTRAR modules.

3.51 Display Name in SIP Request's P-Preferred-Identity header

$pn - reference to Display Name in request's P-Preferred-Identity header (see RFC 3325)

3.52 Process id

$pp - reference to process id (pid)

3.53 Protocol of received message

$pr or $proto - protocol of received message (UDP, TCP, TLS, SCTP)

3.54 User in SIP Request's P-Preferred-Identity header URI

$pU - reference to user in request's P-Preferred-Identity header URI (see RFC 3325)

3.55 URI in SIP Request's P-Preferred-Identity header

$pu - reference to URI in request's P-Preferred-Identity header (see RFC 3325)

3.56 Domain in SIP Request's URI

$rd - reference to domain in request's URI

It is R/W variable (you can assign values to it routing script)

3.57 Body of request/reply

$rb - reference to message body

3.58 Returned code

$rc - reference to returned code by last invoked function

$retcode - same as **$rc**

3.59 Remote-Party-ID header URI

$re - reference to Remote-Party-ID header URI

3.60 SIP request's method

$rm - reference to request's method

3.61 SIP request's port

$rp - reference to port of R-URI

It is R/W variable (you can assign values to it routing script)

3.62 Transport protocol of SIP request URI

$rP - reference to transport protocol of R-URI

3.63 SIP reply's reason

$rr - reference to reply's reason

3.64 SIP reply's status

$rs - reference to reply's status

3.65 Refer-to URI

$rt - reference to URI of refer-to header

3.66 SIP Request's URI

$ru - reference to request's URI

It is R/W variable (you can assign values to it routing script)

3.67 Username in SIP Request's URI

$rU - reference to username in request's URI

It is R/W variable (you can assign values to it routing script)

3.68 Received IP address

$Ri - reference to IP address of the interface where the request has been received

3.69 Received port

$Rp - reference to the port where the message was received

3.70 Script flags

$sf - reference to script flags - decimal output

It is R/W variable (you can assign values to it from routing logic)

3.71 Script flags

$sF - reference to script flags - hexa output

It is R/W variable (you can assign values to it from routing logic)

3.72 IP source address

$si - reference to IP source address of the message

3.73 Source port

$sp - reference to the source port of the message

3.74 To URI Domain

$td - reference to domain in URI of 'To' header

3.75 To display name

$tn - reference to display name of 'To' header

3.76 To tag

$tt - reference to tag parameter of 'To' header

3.77 To URI

$tu - reference to URI of 'To' header

3.78 To URI Username

$tU - reference to username in URI of 'To' header

3.79 Formatted date and time

$time(format) - returns the string formatted time according to UNIX date (see: man date).

3.80 Branch index

$T_branch_idx - the index (starting with 1 for the first branch) of the branch for which is executed the branch_route[]. If used outside of branch_route[] block, the value is '0'. This is exported by TM module.

3.81 String formatted time

$Tf - reference string formatted time

3.82  Dynamic formatted time string

$time(format) - prints string using multiple time formatters. Format: see "man strftime"; Ex: $time(B %Y) -> Thursday September 2009

3.83 Current unix time stamp in seconds

$Ts - reference to current unix time stamp in seconds

3.84 Current microseconds of the current second

$Tsm - current microseconds of the current second

3.85 Startup unix time stamp

$TS - reference to startup unix time stamp

3.86 User agent header

$ua - reference to user agent header field

3.87 SIP Headers

$(hdr(name)[N]) - represents the body of the N-th header identified by 'name'. If [N] is omitted then the body of the first header is printed. The first header is got when N=0, for the second N=1, a.s.o. To print the last header of that type, use -1, no other negative values are supported now. No white spaces are allowed inside the specifier (before }, before or after {, [, ] symbols). When N='*', all headers of that type are printed.

The module should identify most of compact header names (the ones recognized by OpenSIPS which should be all at this moment), if not, the compact form has to be specified explicitly. It is recommended to use dedicated specifiers for headers (e.g., %ua for user agent header), if they are available -- they are faster.

4. Escape Sequences

These sequences are exported, and mainly used, by xlog module to print messages in many colors (foreground and background) using escape sequences.

4.1 Foreground and background colors

$C(xy) - reference to an escape sequence. ¿x¿ represents the foreground color and ¿y¿ represents the background color.

Colors could be:

4.2 Examples

A few examples of usage.

...
avp_aliases="uuid=I:50"
...
route {
...
    $avp(uuid)="caller_id";
    $avp(i:20)= $avp(uuid) + ": " + $fu;
    xdbg("$(C(bg))avp(i:20)$(C(xx)) [$avp(i:20)] $(C(br))cseq$(C(xx))=[$hdr(cseq)]\n");
...
}
...
Retrieved from https://www.opensips.org/Documentation/Script-CoreVar-1-6
Page last modified on August 05, 2013, at 02:01 PM